Climate-friendly metal production – why is it difficult? Most people know that metals are made from ore, but how do we make gold from gravel? That’s the process we must understand to be able to make the metal industry climate friendly. Here are some alternatives for CO2-free metal production. Read this article if you want […]
Hydrogen as reductant – What does that mean? Metals exist in the earth’s crust mainly as oxides. It means that every metal atom is attached to one or more oxygen atoms. They form very strong bound, like a marriage. To break these bounds, we need a reductant to steal the oxygen atoms from the metal atoms. Normally carbon is used […]
Let’s talk about Red Mud (Bauxite Residue) Global annual production of red mud (bauxite residue) is about 150 million tonnes. It contains raw materials for the production of iron, silicon and aluminium, and is dumped as waste in spite of the availability of recycling technologies. This is because it is cheaper to dump bauxite residue as […]